英语句子转换类型及方法_英语句型转换类型及方法

1.主动语态和被动语 态句型转换例句10个

2.英语句子的种类和用法，有哪些啊？

3.英语高手来！！！！

4.句子转换（英语，急急急）

《同义句转换的九种类型》由英语我整理,更多请访问:s://.liuxue86/english/。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

同义句转换的九种类型

同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型,其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子,第一句完整,第二句中设有几处空格,要求考生填入适当的词或词组,使第二句的意思与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识,要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子,使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析,我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面:

一、运用同义词(组)进行转换

用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:

1. That day we could see flowers here and there.

That day we could see flowers __________.

分析:答案为everywhere。everywhere与here and there都表示?到处?。

2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.

The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.

分析:答案为looks after。take good care of与look after?well都表示?好好照顾?。

二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换

即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词(词组)的积累和换位思维的能力。如:

1. It?s clear that this visit is different from last time.

It?s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.

分析:答案为same as。be different from意为?与不同?;the same as意为?与相同?,其否定式与be different from同义。

2. I think wealth is less important than health.

I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.

分析:答案为don?t,more。less important的意思是?没有(不及)重要?;more important的意思是?(比)更重要?,该结构与not连用,则表示?不比更重要?。

另外,有的反义词即使不与否定词连用,而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如:

He lent some money to his friend.

He friend ___ some money ___ him.

分析:答案为borrowed,from。borrow?from意为?向借?;lend?to意为?把借给?。两个结构意思相反,但若变换?借出者?与?借入者?的位置,则可转换为同义句。

三、运用不同语态进行转换

即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词,但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如:

1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.

Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.

分析:答案为be given back。被动句中含有情态动词should,因此助动词用be。

2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.

Computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.

分析:答案为are,used。computers是复数名词,助动词用are。

四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换

即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换,此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如:

1. The manager left two hours ago.

The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.

分析:答案为has been away。lee为非延续性动词,不能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用,而改成be away这样的延续性动词后,则可连用一段时间。

2. The film began five minutes ago.

The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.

分析:答案为on for。has been提示时态是现在完成时态,?for+时间段?表示?持续(一段时间)?,常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。

3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.

Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.

答案:has been in。短暂动词join,意为?参加、加入(组织,政党)?,不能与延续时间状语连用,与延续性时间状语连用时,将join改成be in或be a member in?。

五、运用不同引语进行转换

即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如:

1. ?I?ve found my wallet,? he said to me.

He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.

分析:答案为told,had found。此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。

2. ?Did you see her last week he said.

He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.

分析:答案为asked if/ whether, before。此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。

六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换

即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如:

1. We didn?t go out for a walk because it was raining.

We didn?t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.

分析:答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语because of the rain。

2. He was so excited that he couldn?t go to sleep.

He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.

分析:答案为too excited to。将so?that?换成too?to?结构,原句的that从句为结果状语从句,改写句中的不定式仍表结果。

3. Now I will show you how to do the work.

Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.

分析:答案为how you can。即将原句中的?疑问词+不定式?结构转换成宾语从句。

4. You should put them back after you use them.

You should put them back _____ _____ them.

分析:答案为after using。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。

七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换

即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如:

1. Come on, or we?ll miss the early bus.

____ we ____ hurry, we?ll miss the early bus.

分析:答案为If,don?t。if引导条件状语从句。

2. The man ge us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.

The man _____ ge us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.

分析:答案为who/ that,will give。who/ that ge us a talk last week为定语从句,修饰先行词the man。

八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子

即运用关联连词both?and?,neither?nor?,either?or?,not only?but also?等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是,both?and?连接两个主语时,谓语总是用复数,而neither?nor?,either?or?,not only?but also?连接两个主语时,谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如:

1. Tom can?t speak Japanese well and Jim can?t, either.

______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.

分析:答案填Neither,nor。neither?nor?表示?和(两者)都不?,刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。

2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.

______ Alice ______ Peter he read the book.

分析:答案为Both,and。both?and?的意思是?和(两者)都?。

3. This store sells men?s shoes, and it also sells men?s clothes.

This store sells ______ ______ men?s shoes ______ ______ men?s clothes.

分析:答案为not only,but also。表示?不仅而且?之意。

九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换

这类典型结构如so?that?,too?to?,enough to,not?until?,so do I等。如:

1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.

Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.

分析:答案为so do。句意为?他的父母也一样(一样想去)?。

2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.

John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework.

分析:答案为didn?t,until。not?until意为?直到才?。 《同义句转换的九种类型》由英语我整理,更多请访问:s://.liuxue86/english/

主动语态和被动语 态句型转换例句10个

学习英语的人都知道,英语被称为世界的普通语种,用途很大,覆盖面很广.但对于那些已掌握一定的英语词汇、词组所表达的意义、词性、词的搭配、词类转换以及能熟练地运用英语各类句子表达方法的学生来说,却对英语中的一些复合结构产生困扰.复合结构是一项应用起来很广,难度比较大,又很复杂的内容.一、不定式的复合结构不定式的复合结构通常做主语、宾语、表语、状语,同位语有时也可做定语,可转化为对应的从句,是由介词for或of+不定式构成.二、动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构常用于书面用语,由其转换的句型可以说是五花八门,但在意义上基本不变.可用主语从句表达:That Mary waslate for school made her teacher angry.可用非限定性定语从句来表达:Mary waslate for school,which made her teache.

英语句子的种类和用法，有哪些啊？

将主动语态变为被动语态时，先把主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语（如为代词，宾格须变为主格），接着把主动结构的动词由主动语态变为被动语态，最后在动词被动语态之后加介词by，再将主动结构中的主语放在by之后，变为by的宾语（如为代词，主格须变为宾格）。

英语中大多数有及物动词的主动句都可以转换为被动句，具体转换如下：

第一、含一个宾语的主动句

带一个直接宾语的主动句变为被动句时，把宾语变为主语，动词由主动结构变为被动结构，主语变为由介词引起的短语，by引起的短语有时可以省略，如：

主动句：People play football all over the world.

被动句：Football is played all over the world.

第二、含双宾语的主动句

带一个直接宾语和一个间接宾语的主动句变为被动句时，只把其中一个宾语变为主语，如：

主动句：My friend lent me those books.

被动句：Those books were lent (to) me by my friend.

第三、含两个直接宾语的主动句

带有两个直接宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常只把表示人的宾语改为主语，表示事物的宾语一般不变，如：

主动句：They asked him some questions.

被动句：He was asked some questions (by them).

第四、含that宾语从句的主动句

当含有that的宾语从句的主动句变为被动句时，通常以间接宾语作为主语，that从句不变；

主动句：She told me that the teacher would come soon.

被动句：I was told that the teacher would come soon.

第五、含复合宾语的主动句

带有宾语和宾语补足语的主动句变为被动句时，把宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语保留不变，但在作用上为主语补足语。作主语补足语的可以是名词（短语）、形容词（短语）和非限定动词（短语），其中不定式都必须带to。

主动句：The farmer made the horses work the whole day.

被动句：The horses were made to work the whole day.

英语高手来！！！！

一、陈述句：是用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法，可分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。

1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词he, has, will,情态动词can等时，只要直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。

eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)

Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.

2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。

eg.1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)

Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.

2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)

The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.

3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)

Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.

二、疑问句：是用来提出问题的句子。

A.一般疑问句：以be动词, he /has/do等助动词、can/may等情态动词开头，以yes或no来回答的问句。

它的基本结构是：Be/He /Has/Did等助动词（包括情态动词）＋主语＋谓语（包括表语）＋┄？回答常用简略回答。

1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，只要直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号。

eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）

______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike?

2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子中谓语动词必须用原形。

eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）

______ Edison ______ a science lab himself when he was ten？

2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）

______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food?

注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词，如果有也必须进行改变，already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。

B.特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。

它的基本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有：what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或no来回答。

1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用what

①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （划线提问）

______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in?

②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （划线提问）

_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______?

2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且必须和名词连用。

I'm going to take the shirt on the right.（划线提问）

______ _____ are you going to take?

3)对指人名词或代词提问用who，作宾语时提问用whom。

eg.Li Ping,they,his father

4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。

eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat my father→Whose father

5)对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用what time。

6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。

The pupils are hing a picnic at the foot of the hill. （划线提问）

_____ _____ the pupils hing a picnic?

7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。

Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （划线提问）

_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?

8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How。

eg. go by bike like very much

9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。

eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep

10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。

eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.

______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?

11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用How long。

eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. （划线提问）96中考题

______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?

12)对时间频率，如 once a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用How often。

13)对具体次数，如 once, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用How many times。

eg. ______ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice. 96中考题

A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long

14)对in＋一段时间提问，疑问词一般用How soon。

eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （划线提问）

_____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work?

15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用How far。

eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.（划线提问）

______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?

16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用

What's the date?

What day is it ? 如果是过去时间，就用was代替is。

What's the weather like?

练习题

1)She does exercises at home in the evening.（改成否定句、一般疑问句）

She ______ ______ exercises at home in the evening.

______ she _____ exercises at home in the evening?

2)He said something important at the meeting.（改为否定句,一般疑问句）

He _____ ______ ______ important at the meeting.

______ he ______ ______ important at the meeting?

3)It'll take them three weeks to finish the work.（划线提问）

______ ______ _______ it take them to finish the work?

4)I he to wash all the plates and things after meals.（划线提问）

_____ _____ you he to wash all the plates and things?

5)The woman in the red coat is her mother.（划线提问）

______ ______ is her mother?

6)Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.（划线提问）

_____ ____ ____ Li Ping _____ on the dictionary?

思考题

1)The worker's visited the factory already.（改成否定句、一般疑问句）

The worker _____ _____ the factory ______.

____ the worker ___ the factory __?

2)Both of his parents are workers.（改成否定句）

___ of his parents ______ a worker.

3)He went to the park with his sister.（划线提问）

_____ ____ ____ he go to the park?

4)We really enjoyed working on the farm.（划线提问）

What _____ you really enjoy ______?

5)She writes to her parents once a week.（划线提问）

_______ ______ ______ she write to her parents?

6)Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（划线提问）

______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school?

一、陈述句：是用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法，可分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。

1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词he, has, will,情态动词can等时，只要直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。

eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)

Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.

2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。

eg.1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)

Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.

2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)

The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.

3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)

Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.

二、疑问句：是用来提出问题的句子。

A.一般疑问句：以be动词, he /has/do等助动词、can/may等情态动词开头，以yes或no来回答的问句。

它的基本结构是：Be/He /Has/Did等助动词（包括情态动词）＋主语＋谓语（包括表语）＋┄？回答常用简略回答。

1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，只要直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号。

eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）

______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike?

2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子中谓语动词必须用原形。

eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）

______ Edison ______ a science lab himself when he was ten？

2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）

______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food?

注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词，如果有也必须进行改变，already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。

B.特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。

它的基本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有：what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或no来回答。

1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用what

①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （划线提问）

______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in?

②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （划线提问）

_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______?

2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且必须和名词连用。

I'm going to take the shirt on the right.（划线提问）

______ _____ are you going to take?

3)对指人名词或代词提问用who，作宾语时提问用whom。

eg.Li Ping,they,his father

4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。

eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat my father→Whose father

5)对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用what time。

6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。

The pupils are hing a picnic at the foot of the hill. （划线提问）

_____ _____ the pupils hing a picnic?

7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。

Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （划线提问）

_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?

8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How。

eg. go by bike like very much

9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。

eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep

10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。

eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.

______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?

11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用How long。

eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. （划线提问）96中考题

______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?

12)对时间频率，如 once a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用How often。

13)对具体次数，如 once, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用How many times。

eg. ______ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice. 96中考题

A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long

14)对in＋一段时间提问，疑问词一般用How soon。

eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （划线提问）

_____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work?

15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用How far。

eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.（划线提问）

______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?

16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用

What's the date?

What day is it ? 如果是过去时间，就用was代替is。

What's the weather like?

练习题

1)She does exercises at home in the evening.（改成否定句、一般疑问句）

She ______ ______ exercises at home in the evening.

______ she _____ exercises at home in the evening?

2)He said something important at the meeting.（改为否定句,一般疑问句）

He _____ ______ ______ important at the meeting.

______ he ______ ______ important at the meeting?

3)It'll take them three weeks to finish the work.（划线提问）

______ ______ _______ it take them to finish the work?

4)I he to wash all the plates and things after meals.（划线提问）

_____ _____ you he to wash all the plates and things?

5)The woman in the red coat is her mother.（划线提问）

______ ______ is her mother?

6)Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.（划线提问）

_____ ____ ____ Li Ping _____ on the dictionary?

思考题

1)The worker's visited the factory already.（改成否定句、一般疑问句）

The worker _____ _____ the factory ______.

____ the worker ___ the factory __?

2)Both of his parents are workers.（改成否定句）

___ of his parents ______ a worker.

3)He went to the park with his sister.（划线提问）

_____ ____ ____ he go to the park?

4)We really enjoyed working on the farm.（划线提问）

What _____ you really enjoy ______?

5)She writes to her parents once a week.（划线提问）

_______ ______ ______ she write to her parents?

6)Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（划线提问）

______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school?

句型转换题是中考常见题型，它主要用来考查大家对句子结构的构成、变化的掌握及在行文中的运用等，类型繁多。现以近两年中考题为例，分类介绍如下：

[第一类] 改成否定句

英语中有关否定的结构各不相同，除动词部分构成的否定外，还有名词、代词的否定、部分否定、否定转移、以及一些表示否定意义的短语或句型等。

一、含有连系动词、情态动词等助动词的句子改为否定句时，在连系动词、情态动词等的后面加not就行了。如：（划线部分为正确答案，下同。）

1. He was late for school yesterday. （2005黑龙江省泰州市）

He wasn’t late for school yesterday.

2. The students of No.2 Middle School he gone for a picnic already. （2004新疆）

The students of No.2 Middle School hen’t gone for a picnic yet.

二、祈使句变否定句一般在其前加don’t。如：

3. Open the window. （2005江苏省）

Don’t open the window.

三、实义动词的否定式是在实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t, didn’t等。如：

4. She does the housework every day. （2005黑龙江省哈尔滨市）

She doesn’t do the housework every day.

5. He returned the book to the library this morning. （2004重庆市）

He didn’t return the book to the library this morning.

注意：变否定句时须注意某些词语的变化，如some改为any, something改为anything, already改为yet, both改为neither, all改为none等。又如：

6. Both of them are my best friends. （2004甘肃省兰州市）

Neither of them is my best friend.

[第二类] 改为疑问句

可分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

一、变一般疑问句时，含有连系动词、情态动词的句子，只需将它们移至句首，第一个字母变为大写，句尾改为问号即可。含有实义动词的句子，在实义动词前加do, does, did等。变化过程中也要注意某些词语和人称的变化。如：

7. There’s something to eat in the cupboard.（2005贵州省贵阳市）

Is there anything to eat in the cupboard？

8. Kate does morning exercises every day. （2004山东省济南市）

Does Kate do morning exercises every day？

9. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. （2005四川省成都市）

Did Ann return the book to the library yesterday？

二、变选择疑问句时，如果该句是一般疑问句，则在后面直接加“or＋另一选择部分”就行了；若是陈述句，则要先变成一般疑问句。如：

10. John is an American. （用a Canadian改为选择疑问句）（2004新疆）

Is John an American or a Canadian？

三、变反意疑问句时，要注意“前肯后否”和“前否后肯”，还要注意一些特殊形式的反意疑问句。如：

11. She has hardly had anything this morning, has she？（2005山东省泰安市）

12. You will meet your friends at the railway station, won’t you？（2004重庆）

13. She had nothing for breakfast, did she？（2005青海）

14. There was no time for the twins to go shopping, was there？（2004黑龙江省哈尔滨市）

句子转换（英语，急急急）

虽然有点多，但是希望你能看完，确实不错：

常规基本句式的转换方法、技巧点拨

“句型转换”有两种形式，一是按要求转换句型（如：要求将陈述句转换为否定句或一般疑问句；改为祈使句或感叹句；对划线部分提问等）；二是“同义句转换”。本题型在中考中重要是测试我们运用英语“句型”的能力。“四位一体”的“句型转换”专项训练，就是为了发展我们这方面的能力。第一类题型的转换，重点是基本句型的运用，一般都有规律可循。除了熟记基本句式的结构外，还要注意some, any; already, yet 等词在转换时的变化。第二类句型转换（同义句转换）应该作为我们复习训练的重点。用不同的句式表达相同的意思，它标志着一个人的外语能力水平。提高此项能力的关键是熟悉句型结构，自如运用。通过“专项训练”，积累一定数量的相关句式，达到脱口而出，信手拈来，出神入化。

基本句式的转换主要是指“肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句”的相互转换。句式的转换一般都有一定的规律可循，我们就是要掌握它们的变化规律，能够举一反三，见此知彼。

（一）肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的相互转换

这三种句型的转换有共同的规律可循，有几个要点必须牢记。我们可以把各种句式归为两大类：1、含有的be动词、助动词和情态动词的句子；2、只有行为动词的句子。

第1类的句子，肯定句改为否定句时，一律在be动词、助动词和情态动词后加“not”，改为一般疑问句时，一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）。肯定回答用“Yes”；否定回答用“No”。“Yes”或“No”后面的主语必须用代词，“No”后面必须用否定缩略式。如：

将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并做肯定、否定回答：

1. There are some computers in this school. (be动词)

There aren’t any computers in this school.

Are there any computers in this school? (Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.)

2. Li Ming’s father can drive the car. (情态动词)

Li Ming’s father can’t drive the car.

Can Li Ming’s father drive the car? (Yes, he can. / No, he can’t.)

3. She has already finished his homework now. (助动词)

She hasn’t finished his homework yet.

Has she finished his homework yet? (Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.)

第2类句子必须借助助动词do; does; did。改为否定句，在行为动词前加don’t（一般现在时态，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时）；doesn’t（一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数时）；didn’t（一般过去时态）。改为一般疑问句时，在句首加Do；Does 或Did。肯定回答用“Yes”，后面动词用 do; does或did”；否定回答用“No”，后面动词用don’t (doesn’t; didn’t)”。如：

将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并做肯定、否定回答：

1. The children like playing games.

The children don’t like playing games.

Do the children like playing games? (Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.)

2. Mary usually goes to school on foot.

Mary doesn’t usually go to school on foot. (原第三人称单数改为原形)

Does Mary usually go to school on foot? (Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.)

3. Tom went to London yesterday.

Tom didn’t go to London yesterday. (原过去式改为原形)

Did Tom go to London yesterday? (Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.)

（二）特殊疑问句的转换

把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”，人、物、时间、地点、数量、原因等分别用：who; whose; whom; what; when; where; why; how; how many; how much; how often; how old; how long等。 将相对应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式，就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。如：

1. His licence number is 573968.

What’s your licence number?

2. Mike watches TV every evening.

What does Mike do every evening?

3. Jim studied in China last year.

Where did Jim study last year?

（三）选择疑问句、反意疑问句的转换

改为选择疑问句时，只需注意根据句子的内容用“or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了。如：

Lucy is a student, Lily is a doctor. 改为：

Who is a doctor, Lucy or Lily?

反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句 + 简短问句”，我们必须记住：“前面肯定；后面否定”和“前面否定；后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。如：

Tom likes playing football, doesn’t he?

Xiao Hong didn’t like singing, did she?

注意：祈使句的反意疑问句，一般都用will you? Let me---打头的一般用 shall we?

（四）祈使句、感叹句的转换

改为祈使句，必须记住：肯定的祈使句，是原形动词打头，否定的祈使句是“Don’t”打头，后跟原形动词。（主语是I或 we时，句子开头用let me 或 let’s），如：

1.You should remember his telephone number. 改为：

Remember his telephone number, please.

2. You’d better not tell him the bad news. 改为：

Don’t tell him the bad news.

3. We can go there together. 改为：

Let’s go there together.

改为感叹句，必须记住，强调的是名词，句首用What，What后的名词前可以有形容词；强调的是形容词、副词，句首用How，后面必须紧跟形容词、副词，如：

The park is beautiful. 改为：

What the beautiful park!

或：How beautiful the park is!

He studies English is very hard. 改为：

How hard he studies English!

三、同义句转换试题解题方法、技巧点拨

（一）要善于运用不同的表达方式

我们都知道，一件事情有几种不同的说法，有的说法让人感到心暖如春，有的说法却使人感到冰冷如霜；有的说法听起来觉得文雅得体，有的说法让人听起来觉得粗鲁野蛮。我们写文章也是一样，不同的句子可以表达不同的效果，而如何准确、巧妙地运用不同的表达形式描述人、物、，正是我们需要下功夫学习的内容。

上面我们重点讨论了英语句子的基本常识，基本结构，如何正确使用句型进行谴词造句，如何使我们的语言更丰富、更精彩、更具艺术魅力，还需下一番苦功。下面三种不同形式的练习，可能会对我们有一定的帮助。

1、练习用不同的句式表达相同的内容

用不同的句式表达相同的内容，可以给人清新俊逸，耳目一新，不落俗套的感受。此类句式积累多了，可以扩大我们写作的视野，增加我们选择句型的余地，以便用最恰当的形式表达我们要表达的内容。如：问某人“出了什么事”或“怎么不舒服”，我们可以说“What’s wrong with you?”也可以说“What's the matter with you?”；说明“他经常给我打电话”，可以说“He often calls (phone; telephone) me.”，也可以说“He often rings me up.”，还可以说“He often gives me a call (ring).”。这样的表达形式，我们已学过不少，关键的是要学着运用。看看下面这些句式，你都很熟悉吗？

1. How do you like our school ? 你觉得我们学校怎么样？

What do you think of our school?

What do you like about our school?

2. What sport do you like best? 你最喜欢什么运动？

What’s your fourite report?

3. How is the weather today? 今天的天气怎么样？

What’s the weather like today?

4. It’s time to he supper. 到吃晚饭的时间了。

It’s time for supper.

5. Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the post office? 劳驾，请问到邮局怎么走？

Excuse me, which is the way to the post office, please?

Excuse me, how can I get to the post office, please?

Excuse me, where’s the post office, please?

6. What’s your name, please? 请问你叫什么名字？

May I know (he) your name?

Could you tell me what your name is?

7. I wish you a hy Mid-Autumn Day! 祝你中秋节快乐！

Best wishes to you for Mid-Autumn Day!

8. It took my uncle two hours to repair the machine. 我叔叔修那台机器用了两个小时。

My uncle spent two hours in repairing the machine.

9. I he studied Shaolin Wushu for two years. 我已学了两年少林武术了。

It’s two years since I began to study Shaolin Wushu

I studied Shaolin Wushu two years ago.

2、练习用不同的句式，表达不同的情感

有时为了表达不同的情绪、情感，需要适当变换一下句式，使语言更符合人物身份或当时的喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐、悲。最常用的是表示“客气、委婉”和“强调”。表示“委婉、客气”常可以借助“I’m afraid”、“don’t mind”、“please”I’m sorry等，如：

1. I can’t come on time.

我不能准时来。

I’m afraid I can’t come on time.

恐怕我不能准时来。（比较委婉）

2. May I use your bike?

我可以用一下你的自行车吗？

You don’t mind using your bike?

我可以用一下你的自行车吗？（更委婉）

否定句或强调句常常可以用来表示“强调”。如：

1. Remember to lock the door.

记着锁门。

Don't forget to lock the door.

别忘了锁门。（强调）

2. You should go there one foot.

你应该步行去那儿。

Why don’t you go there on foot?

你为什么不步行去那儿？（强调）

3. These flowers are quite beautiful.

这些花儿非常美。

How beautiful these flowers!

这些花儿多美啊！（强调美）

What beautiful flowers (these are)!

多美的花儿啊！（强调）

3、练习用习惯表达法，表达相同的内容

英语中有些句子是平铺直叙的，有的则借助习惯表达法使句子更具魅力，更能体现我们运用英语的水平。如：他们很累，不能再向前走了。下面三种表达都是对的，但从写作的角度来看，它们的层次是有区别的。

They are very tired, so they can not walk towards.

（两个简单句，平铺直叙）

They are so tired that they can not walk towards.

（复合句，用so---that连接，带有强调意味）

They are too tired to walk towards.

（一个简单句，用too---to连接，与上个句子意思相同）

再看下面几个句子，注意划线部分的用法。

1. Jim is clever, I am clever, too.

Both Jim and I are clever.

2. Tom has two cabbages. Mary has only one.

Tom has more cabbages than Mary.

3. We are busy. We aren’t able to go to the cinema today.

We he no time to go to the cinema today.

4. To take a big noise in the library is not polite.

It’s polite to keep (be) quiet in the library.

5. The hey snow kept the visitors staying on top of the mountain.

The visitors were stopped from leing the top of the mountain.

6. Tom knows much more about computer than any other students in his class.

Nobody else in our class knows so much about computer as Tom.

（二）同义句的转换解题思路

同义句转换是“句型转换”题型中的另一种类型，就是用于测试我们用不同的表达方式表达同一内容的能力，即，活用句子的能力。

同义句转换首先应清楚所给句子的句式结构，弄清楚试题填空部分与原句的对应关系，表达形式，对两个句子相同部分不需理会，全力考虑的是需要转换的部分，解题思路和要点如下：

1、读懂原句，搞清转换部分与原句的对应部分。如：

The student stood there and didn’t know what he should do next.

The student stood there and didn’t know ______ ______ do next.

本题原句意思是：那个同学站在那儿，不知下一步该做什么，下一句的两个空与上句的what he should对应，即用两个词表示上句三个词的意思，再如：

Hurry up, or we’ll miss the early train.

______ we ______ _____, we’ll miss the early train.

本题原句意为：快点，不然我们将要误早班车了，原句是祈使句，要完成的句子三个空（多了一个主语）必须表明“Hurry up，or”的意思。

2、根据所给空位，确定同义的句式和恰当的词语。

上面两个例子，第1题中know后是宾语从句，转换后的句子应为“what to（疑问词＋不定式结构；第2题原句中的 “or” 是表示条件的，下一句理应改为条件状语从句：“If we don’t hurry”，再如：

Their football team is much stronger than the other two.

Their football team is ______ ______ of the ______.

本题原句是个比较级句型，而转换后的句型根据“of”的标志应是最高级句型，因为从句意上看是有二个足球队，空格处填the strongest; three，意思与原句相同。

3、对特殊结构的句型和习惯表达法要仔细斟酌。

有的句型是特殊结构或习惯表达法，这样的题一般较难，需认真思考。如：

He found the lost bike after Xiao Li arrived.

He ______ find the lost bike ______ Xiao Li arrived.

本题实际测试的是“not---until”这个特殊结构，按第2句话的空位，可填didn’t; before。虽然后者也能表达原句的意思，但不如用until结构更生动；更确切，再如：

Mr Li has been a League member for five and a half years.

Mr Li ______ ______ League five and a half years ______.

本题重点测试的是“参加，加入”的表达方法。“加入共青团”可用 “he been a League member”，也可用“joined the League”，它们的不同点是：前者用于现在完成时，常与for引导的一段时间状语连用；后者是短暂性动词，不能与for引导的一段时间状语连用，要用过去时，时间副词用ago，而不能用before。

（三）同义句转换的两种主要方法

用不同的句式表达相同的意思，是一个人能否活用英语句型的能力体现。同义句大多数情况下是通过改变单词、词组或句式结构而实现的。

1、换单词、词组

换单词、词组的原则是：所换的单词或词组必须与原句对应的单词或词组意义相同或相近，换完后两个句子的意思必须基本相同。要特别注意转换后的句子中个别其它词的些化。如：

1. Willy didn’t bring out the new coat until the boss made a phone call to Lily.

Willy didn’t bring out the new coat ______ the boss made a phone call to Lily.

句子转换后空白处的单词应与上句的“until”对应，这里填入“before”全句与上句意思接近。

2. There’s nobody but a passenger in the bus.

There’s _________ one passenger in the bus.

本题下句只是把“a”换成了“one”，而要求是把“nobody but”换成一个词，使两个句子意思基本相同。“nobody but”意思是“除了------外，没有人”，符合此意的单词，只有填“only”。

3. Tom was feeling unhy in the past months.

Tom ______ ______ hy in the past months.

注意：此题转换后的句子中，“unhy”改成了“hy”，其它词和句子结构、词的数量都没有变化。“un”是否定前缀，原句谓语动词形式是肯定的，转换后应改为否定形式的“wasn’t feeling”。

4. Look at the dark cloud. It looks like rain.

Look at the dark cloud. It ______ ______ ______ rain.

本题转换只需把两个词的“looks like”换为三个词，且意思不变即可。如果填写“is going to”，意思恰好与It looks like rain.接近。

2、换句式结构

通过改变句式结构转换句型与什么的换单词、词组要复杂一些。要求我们必须对各种句型记忆和运用纯熟，通过所给句子的框架，找出对应的句型。做这类题必须善于动用联想和发散思维，善于发现两个句子之间的有机联系。如：

1. He didn’t do well in the exam, I think.

I ______ ______ he ______ well in the exam.

根据两个句子结构，我们应该能想到“think”否定前移的用法。即，think后的宾语从句如果是否定形式时，否定形式应在主句，应填入“don’t think”和“did”。注意主语和从句的时态形式。

2. The match was too late. They were all tired this morning.

The football match was ______ late ______ they were all tired this morning.

本题是转换实际上是把两个简单句改为一个复合句。根据两个句子内容的关系（因果）和句式结构，以及有关的状语从句知识，我们应该能想到“so---that”是用于表示“因果关系”的，并顺利地填入“so”和“that”。

3. This bicycle is not as new as that one.

That bicycle is ______ ______ this one.

本题上句是个否定的“as---as”句型。仔细观察一下，下面的句子“this”和“that”颠倒了位置，并要求把“not as new as”换成两个词。思考：转换后的句子仍然是二者的比较。“as---as”用于二者同级比较，“more than”是用于二者比较的句式。填写“newer than”，两个句子意思就相同了。

4. You can only choose one out of the two.

Please take ______ this one ______ that one.

这个小题的两个句子明显是两个不同的句式。前一个句子的意思是“你只能从两个中选取一个。”第二个小题从句式结构上看，是要求填写两个连接词。联想到我们学过的并列连词：both---and; either---or; neither---nor; not only---but also等，用哪一个能准确表达什么句子的意思呢？当然是“either---or”。

由此可见，用不同的句式表达相同的意思首要的一点是熟悉各种句式，清楚结构不同但意思基本相同的句式之间的联系。我们都知道，语言是灵活多变的，同样的内容可以有多种不同的表达方式，虽然竞赛试题的“句型转换”是一对一的，但是我们平时学习时应尽可能多地掌握常用的句式，并灵活地使用它们，逐步达到运用自如。

1.The monkey is swimming（对划线部分提问）

-------------

（ What is the monkey doing? ）

2.There are twelve montns in a year（对划线部分提问）

（ How many months are there in a year? ）

3.The elephant is drinking water（变一般疑问句，再做肯定回答和否定回答）

（ Is the elephant drinking water ?Yes,it is. No,it isn't ）

4.They are climbing mountain（变一般疑问句，再做肯定回答和否定回答）

（ Are they climbing mountain?Yes ,they are. No,they aren't ）